SKU: SU.50029910
Copyright 1985. Published by: Seesaw Music.
SKU: ST.AC241
ISBN 9790220222535.
Seve nty next year, Bayan Northcott is a leading writer about music, and a composer who has particularly focused on variation forms - hence the 'doubles' of this new work ('doubles' being an alternative term for variations, as found for example in Bach); and hence, in celebratory mode, 'doubles all round' as the title for this sparkling piece d'occasion composed at the request of Endymion to celebrate their 30th anniversary. Doubles All Round would indeed make an ideal five-minute introduction to a new-music concert, or a fascinating contemporary excursus in a classical programme that featured the line up of flute/piccolo, clarinet/bass clarinet, horn, violin, cello and piano. The work is launched by a vigorous keyboard prelude, which returns after the third double in a brief cadenza, before the piece is rounded off by the fourth double, quasi una coda. Bayan Northcott's collected critical writings, The Way We Listen Now, were published by Plumbago Books in 2009.
SKU: BT.DHP-1125238-400
9x12 inches. French.
Doubles cordes pour Violon est une méthode moderne et enrichissante, destinée apprendre aux violonistes qui maîtrisent assez bien la 1re position sâ??initier au jeu en doubles cordes. Cet ouvrage contient 38 exercices et 37 morceaux écrits dans di_x001D_fférents styles musicaux. Présentées de manière cohérente et structurée, les doubles cordes sont indiquées en différentes couleurs. Les morceaux de concert peuvent être interprétés soit en solo, soit avec lâ??accompagnement du CD, soit encore en duo, les parties du second violon étant fournies sous forme de fichiers PDF imprimer.
SKU: HL.44011235
9.0x12.0x0.232 inches. French.
Doubles cordes pour Violon est une methode moderne et enrichissante, destinee a apprendre aux violonistes qui maitrisent assez bien la 1re position a s'initier au jeu en doubles cordes. Cet ouvrage contient 38 exercices et 37 morceaux ecrits dans di_x001D_fferents styles musicaux. Presentees de maniere coherente et structuree, les doubles cordes sont indiquees en differentes couleurs. Les morceaux de concert peuvent etre interpretes soit en solo, soit avec l'accompagnement du CD, soit encore en duo, les parties du second violon etant fournies sous forme de fichiers PDF a imprimer.
SKU: BT.DHP-1174988-400
ISBN 9789043152846. French.
Easy Steps est une méthode en deux volumes qui contient tous les éléments nécessaires lâ??initiation au saxophone. Richement illustrée, elle offre des exercices pour stimuler la formation auditive et le jeu dâ??ensemble, de nombreux morceaux,des jeux musicaux et bien plus encore. Les CD fournis comportent des accompagnements pour toutes les pièces, dont certaines sont également enregistrées en version complète permettant dâ??entendre le résultat voulu. Lâ??abondance des ressources proposéesici garantit le succès des cours du professeur. Lâ??accès en ligne ce matériel est inclus dans le prix du présent ouvrage.
SKU: HL.50512129
SKU: CF.BE10F
ISBN 9780825891175. UPC: 798408091170. 8.5 x 11 inches. Key: G major.
Commissioned by the Princeton-Columbia Electronic Music Center for Speculum Musicae in 1981. The first movement, In Preparation, is a study in tuning and intonation and is based on the open strings in perfectly tuned fifths, with the violins D string tuned 294 hertz. The first moments of the piece provide opportunity to tune to the tape part. (This tuning probably differs imperceptibly from a tempered tuning since the E string of the violin is only 1/33 of a semitone sharper then in a tempered system and the C strings of the viola and cello 1/33 of a semitone flatter.) Most subsequent pitches in the movement are either the open strings or major and minor thirds above and below the open strings. The minor thirds will be slightly sharp with respect to equal tempered tuning about 15 cents or 1/6 of a semitone and the major thirds will be slightly flat about 14 cents, or one seventh of a semitone. Listen to the tape part as a guide. All harmonics in this movement are to be played as natural harmonics and open strings are to be used whenever possible. In the second movement, At a Distance, the tape part largely doubles selected pitches in the string parts and should be thought of as a backdrop rather then counterpart. In this and the remaining movements equal tempered tuning is used though it will probably not be necessary to retune the instruments for this reason alone. The third movement, In Practice, is a study in modes of performance particularly with respect to rhythmic rigidity and flexibility. While the tape part may seem to bend and sway a great deal, the string parts are to be played with as much rhythmic precision as possible. At many points it may be necessary to delay or anticipate beats in order to coincide with the arrival of beats in the tape part, though in general the quarter equals 120 is accurate. In the fourth movement, In Distinction, different kinds of musical conceptions are counter-pointed and counter-posed. Here the beat is quite accurate although the notation of the synthetic saxophone part is only approximate. All the tape parts are based on computer reprocessed violin except for parts of the fourth movement in which synthetic saxophone is used. The tape part was synthesized on the IBM 3033 and 3081 computers at Princeton University and converted at the Winham Laboratory. The violin source was performed by Cyrus Stevens.Commissioned by the Princeton-Columbia Electronic Music Center for Speculum Musicae in 1981. The first movement, In Preparation, is a study in tuning and intonation and is based on the open strings in perfectly tuned fifths, with the violinas D string tuned 294 hertz. The first moments of the piece provide opportunity to tune to the tape part. (This tuning probably differs imperceptibly from a tempered tuning since the E string of the violin is only 1/33 of a semitone sharper then in a tempered system and the C strings of the viola and acello 1/33 of a semitone flatter.) Most subsequent pitches in the movement are either the open strings or major and minor thirds above and below the open strings. The minor thirds will be slightly sharp with respect to equal tempered tuning about 15 cents or 1/6 of a semitone and the major thirds will be slightly flat about 14 cents, or one seventh of a semitone. Listen to the tape part as a guide. All harmonics in this movement are to be played as natural harmonics and open strings are to be used whenever possible. In the second movement, At a Distance, the tape part largely doubles selected pitches in the string parts and should be thought of as a backdrop rather then counterpart. In this and the remaining movements equal tempered tuning is used though it will probably not be necessary to retune the instruments for this reason alone. The third movement, In Practice, is a study in modes of performance particularly with respect to rhythmic rigidity and flexibility. While the tape part may seem to bend and sway a great deal, the string parts are to be played with as much rhythmic precision as possible. At many points it may be necessary to delay or anticipate beats in order to coincide with the arrival of beats in the tape part, though in general the quarter equals 120 is accurate. In the fourth movement, In Distinction, different kinds of musical conceptions are counter-pointed and counter-posed. Here the beat is quite accurate although the notation of the synthetic saxophone part is only approximate. All the tape parts are based on computer reprocessed violin except for parts of the fourth movement in which synthetic saxophone is used. The tape part was synthesized on the IBM 3033 and 3081 computers at Princeton University and converted at the Winham Laboratory. The violin source was performed by Cyrus Stevens.Commissioned by the Princeton-Columbia Electronic Music Center for Speculum Musicae in 1981. The first movement, In Preparation, is a study in tuning and intonation and is based on the open strings in perfectly tuned fifths, with the violin's D string tuned 294 hertz. The first moments of the piece provide opportunity to tune to the tape part. (This tuning probably differs imperceptibly from a tempered tuning since the E string of the violin is only 1/33 of a semitone sharper then in a tempered system and the C strings of the viola and 'cello 1/33 of a semitone flatter.) Most subsequent pitches in the movement are either the open strings or major and minor thirds above and below the open strings. The minor thirds will be slightly sharp with respect to equal tempered tuning about 15 cents or 1/6 of a semitone and the major thirds will be slightly flat about 14 cents, or one seventh of a semitone. Listen to the tape part as a guide. All harmonics in this movement are to be played as natural harmonics and open strings are to be used whenever possible. In the second movement, At a Distance, the tape part largely doubles selected pitches in the string parts and should be thought of as a backdrop rather then counterpart. In this and the remaining movements equal tempered tuning is used though it will probably not be necessary to retune the instruments for this reason alone. The third movement, In Practice, is a study in modes of performance particularly with respect to rhythmic rigidity and flexibility. While the tape part may seem to bend and sway a great deal, the string parts are to be played with as much rhythmic precision as possible. At many points it may be necessary to delay or anticipate beats in order to coincide with the arrival of beats in the tape part, though in general the quarter equals 120 is accurate. In the fourth movement, In Distinction, different kinds of musical conceptions are counter-pointed and counter-posed. Here the beat is quite accurate although the notation of the synthetic saxophone part is only approximate. All the tape parts are based on computer reprocessed violin except for parts of the fourth movement in which synthetic saxophone is used. The tape part was synthesized on the IBM 3033 and 3081 computers at Princeton University and converted at the Winham Laboratory. The violin source was performed by Cyrus Stevens.Commissioned by the Princeton-Columbia Electronic Music Center for SpeculumMusicae in 1981.The first movement, In Preparation, is a study in tuning and intonation and isbased on the open strings in perfectly tuned fifths, with the violin’s D stringtuned 294 hertz. The first moments of the piece provide opportunity to tuneto the tape part. (This tuning probably differs imperceptibly from a temperedtuning since the E string of the violin is only 1/33 of a semitone sharper then ina tempered system and the C strings of the viola and ‘cello 1/33 of a semitoneflatter.) Most subsequent pitches in the movement are either the open stringsor major and minor thirds above and below the open strings. The minor thirdswill be slightly sharp with respect to equal tempered tuning about 15 cents or1/6 of a semitone and the major thirds will be slightly flat about 14 cents, or oneseventh of a semitone. Listen to the tape part as a guide. All harmonics in thismovement are to be played as natural harmonics and open strings are to be usedwhenever possible.In the second movement, At a Distance, the tape part largely doubles selectedpitches in the string parts and should be thought of as a backdrop rather thencounterpart. In this and the remaining movements equal tempered tuning is usedthough it will probably not be necessary to retune the instruments for this reasonalone.The third movement, In Practice, is a study in modes of performance particularlywith respect to rhythmic rigidity and flexibility. While the tape part may seemto bend and sway a great deal, the string parts are to be played with as muchrhythmic precision as possible. At many points it may be necessary to delay oranticipate beats in order to coincide with the arrival of beats in the tape part,though in general the quarter equals 120 is accurate.In the fourth movement, In Distinction, different kinds of musical conceptions arecounter-pointed and counter-posed. Here the beat is quite accurate although thenotation of the synthetic saxophone part is only approximate.All the tape parts are based on computer reprocessed violin except for parts ofthe fourth movement in which synthetic saxophone is used. The tape part wassynthesized on the IBM 3033 and 3081 computers at Princeton University andconverted at the Winham Laboratory. The violin source was performed by CyrusStevens.
SKU: CF.CPS244
ISBN 9781491157985. UPC: 680160916580. 9 x 12 inches.
On Wings of Flight is a jubilant, short overture that is meant to convey the wonder of soaring high above the ground. Programmatically, it can represent either the flight of birds or aircraft. Donat be concerned if you donat have some of the lower voice color instruments such as bass clarinet, baritone saxophone, and/or bassoon. Those instruments are doubled in the low brass. Bass trombone isnat essential as it doubles tuba, but a lack or scarcity of bass trombone and/or tuba isnat critical if you do have those other low woodwinds. The repetitive eighth-note accents should be lighter than normal so the ongoing effect is more propulsive than heavy. Keep those eighth-note patterns locked into the tempo so the band refrains from unwittingly accelerating. Think of the legato accented notes as slightly separated as opposed to being slurred. When the accented whole notes surrounded by rests are played, be sure they are held out for a full four counts. Save the crescendo for m. 19 and quickly drop back down in volume at m. 21. At m. 31, the whole notes do not crescendo to the same ff volume as the melody. Those parts are to save their crescendo for m. 35. Pay attention to the instruments that do not diminuendo at m. 39. In the slower section after m. 41, be careful that the diminuendos on the half notes donat sag in pitch as the notes get softer. Trumpets and horns at m. 49 must not play their notes as accents. Give particular attention to the diminuendos in the melody at m. 56, so that they fade out as the volume of the other instruments grows. The accented notes at mm. 85 and 86 should each be heard through the volume of the rest of the instruments, so that the addition of each pitch is adequately heard. If you wish, you may place more emphasis on the accents in the last two measures of the piece than you did earlier throughout the piece.On Wings of Flight is a jubilant, short overture that is meant to convey the wonder of soaring high above the ground. Programmatically, it can represent either the flight of birds or aircraft. Don't be concerned if you don't have some of the lower voice color instruments such as bass clarinet, baritone saxophone, and/or bassoon. Those instruments are doubled in the low brass. Bass trombone isn't essential as it doubles tuba, but a lack or scarcity of bass trombone and/or tuba isn't critical if you do have those other low woodwinds. The repetitive eighth-note accents should be lighter than normal so the ongoing effect is more propulsive than heavy. Keep those eighth-note patterns locked into the tempo so the band refrains from unwittingly accelerating. Think of the legato accented notes as slightly separated as opposed to being slurred. When the accented whole notes surrounded by rests are played, be sure they are held out for a full four counts. Save the crescendo for m. 19 and quickly drop back down in volume at m. 21. At m. 31, the whole notes do not crescendo to the same ff volume as the melody. Those parts are to save their crescendo for m. 35. Pay attention to the instruments that do not diminuendo at m. 39. In the slower section after m. 41, be careful that the diminuendos on the half notes don't sag in pitch as the notes get softer. Trumpets and horns at m. 49 must not play their notes as accents. Give particular attention to the diminuendos in the melody at m. 56, so that they fade out as the volume of the other instruments grows. The accented notes at mm. 85 and 86 should each be heard through the volume of the rest of the instruments, so that the addition of each pitch is adequately heard. If you wish, you may place more emphasis on the accents in the last two measures of the piece than you did earlier throughout the piece.On Wings of Flight is a jubilant, short overture that is meant to convey the wonder of soaring high above the ground. Programmatically, it can represent either the flight of birds or aircraft.Don’t be concerned if you don’t have some of the lower voice color instruments such as bass clarinet, baritone saxophone, and/or bassoon. Those instruments are doubled in the low brass. Bass trombone isn’t essential as it doubles tuba, but a lack or scarcity of bass trombone and/or tuba isn’t critical if you do have those other low woodwinds.The repetitive eighth-note accents should be lighter than normal so the ongoing effect is more propulsive than heavy. Keep those eighth-note patterns locked into the tempo so the band refrains from unwittingly accelerating. Think of the legato accented notes as slightly separated as opposed to being slurred.When the accented whole notes surrounded by rests are played, be sure they are held out for a full four counts. Save the crescendo for m. 19 and quickly drop back down in volume at m. 21. At m. 31, the whole notes do not crescendo to the same ff volume as the melody. Those parts are to save their crescendo for m. 35. Pay attention to the instruments that do not diminuendo at m. 39.In the slower section after m. 41, be careful that the diminuendos on the half notes don’t sag in pitch as the notes get softer. Trumpets and horns at m. 49 must not play their notes as accents. Give particular attention to the diminuendos in the melody at m. 56, so that they fade out as the volume of the other instruments grows.The accented notes at mm. 85 and 86 should each be heard through the volume of the rest of the instruments, so that the addition of each pitch is adequately heard. If you wish, you may place more emphasis on the accents in the last two measures of the piece than you did earlier throughout the piece.
SKU: CF.CPS244F
ISBN 9781491157992. UPC: 680160916597. 9 x 12 inches.
SKU: HL.49046544
ISBN 9781705122655. UPC: 842819108726. 9.0x12.0x0.224 inches.
I composed the Piano Concerto in two stages: the first three movements during the years 1985-86, the next two in 1987, the final autograph of the last movement was ready by January, 1988. The concerto is dedicated to the American conductor Mario di Bonaventura. The markings of the movements are the following: 1. Vivace molto ritmico e preciso 2. Lento e deserto 3. Vivace cantabile 4. Allegro risoluto 5. Presto luminoso.The first performance of the three-movement Concerto was on October 23rd, 1986 in Graz. Mario di Bonaventura conducted while his brother, Anthony di Bonaventura, was the soloist. Two days later the performance was repeated in the Vienna Konzerthaus. After hearing the work twice, I came to the conclusion that the third movement is not an adequate finale; my feeling of form demanded continuation, a supplement. That led to the composing of the next two movements. The premiere of the whole cycle took place on February 29th, 1988, in the Vienna Konzerthaus with the same conductor and the same pianist. The orchestra consisted of the following: flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, horn, trumpet, tenor trombone, percussion and strings. The flautist also plays the piccoIo, the clarinetist, the alto ocarina. The percussion is made up of diverse instruments, which one musician-virtuoso can play. It is more practical, however, if two or three musicians share the instruments. Besides traditional instruments the percussion part calls also for two simple wind instruments: the swanee whistle and the harmonica. The string instrument parts (two violins, viola, cello and doubles bass) can be performed soloistic since they do not contain divisi. For balance, however, the ensemble playing is recommended, for example 6-8 first violins, 6-8 second, 4-6 violas, 4-6 cellos, 3-4 double basses. In the Piano Concerto I realized new concepts of harmony and rhythm. The first movement is entirely written in bimetry: simultaneously 12/8 and 4/4 (8/8). This relates to the known triplet on a doule relation and in itself is nothing new. Because, however, I articulate 12 triola and 8 duola pulses, an entangled, up till now unheard kind of polymetry is created. The rhythm is additionally complicated because of asymmetric groupings inside two speed layers, which means accents are asymmetrically distributed. These groups, as in the talea technique, have a fixed, continuously repeating rhythmic structures of varying lengths in speed layers of 12/8 and 4/4. This means that the repeating pattern in the 12/8 level and the pattern in the 4/4 level do not coincide and continuously give a kaleidoscope of renewing combinations. In our perception we quickly resign from following particular rhythmical successions and that what is going on in time appears for us as something static, resting. This music, if it is played properly, in the right tempo and with the right accents inside particular layers, after a certain time 'rises, as it were, as a plane after taking off: the rhythmic action, too complex to be able to follow in detail, begins flying. This diffusion of individual structures into a different global structure is one of my basic compositional concepts: from the end of the fifties, from the orchestral works Apparitions and Atmospheres I continuously have been looking for new ways of resolving this basic question. The harmony of the first movement is based on mixtures, hence on the parallel leading of voices. This technique is used here in a rather simple form; later in the fourth movement it will be considerably developed. The second movement (the only slow one amongst five movements) also has a talea type of structure, it is however much simpler rhythmically, because it contains only one speed layer. The melody is consisted in the development of a rigorous interval mode in which two minor seconds and one major second alternate therefore nine notes inside an octave. This mode is transposed into different degrees and it also determines the harmony of the movement; however, in closing episode in the piano part there is a combination of diatonics (white keys) and pentatonics (black keys) led in brilliant, sparkling quasimixtures, while the orchestra continues to play in the nine tone mode. In this movement I used isolated sounds and extreme registers (piccolo in a very low register, bassoon in a very high register, canons played by the swanee whistle, the alto ocarina and brass with a harmon-mute' damper, cutting sound combinations of the piccolo, clarinet and oboe in an extremely high register, also alternating of a whistle-siren and xylophone). The third movement also has one speed layer and because of this it appears as simpler than the first, but actually the rhythm is very complicated in a different way here. Above the uninterrupted, fast and regular basic pulse, thanks to the asymmetric distribution of accents, different types of hemiolas and inherent melodical patterns appear (the term was coined by Gerhard Kubik in relation to central African music). If this movement is played with the adequate speed and with very clear accentuation, illusory rhythmic-melodical figures appear. These figures are not played directly; they do not appear in the score, but exist only in our perception as a result of co-operation of different voices. Already earlier I had experimented with illusory rhythmics, namely in Poeme symphonique for 100 metronomes (1962), in Continuum for harpsichord (1968), in Monument for two pianos (1976), and especially in the first and sixth piano etude Desordre and Automne a Varsovie (1985). The third movement of the Piano Concerto is up to now the clearest example of illusory rhythmics and illusory melody. In intervallic and chordal structure this movement is based on alternation, and also inter-relation of various modal and quasi-equidistant harmony spaces. The tempered twelve-part division of the octave allows for diatonical and other modal interval successions, which are not equidistant, but are based on the alternation of major and minor seconds in different groups. The tempered system also allows for the use of the anhemitonic pentatonic scale (the black keys of the piano). From equidistant scales, therefore interval formations which are based on the division of an octave in equal distances, the twelve-tone tempered system allows only chromatics (only minor seconds) and the six-tone scale (the whole-tone: only major seconds). Moreover, the division of the octave into four parts only minor thirds) and three parts (three major thirds) is possible. In several music cultures different equidistant divisions of an octave are accepted, for example, in the Javanese slendro into five parts, in Melanesia into seven parts, popular also in southeastern Asia, and apart from this, in southern Africa. This does not mean an exact equidistance: there is a certain tolerance for the inaccurateness of the interval tuning. These exotic for us, Europeans, harmony and melody have attracted me for several years. However I did not want to re-tune the piano (microtone deviations appear in the concerto only in a few places in the horn and trombone parts led in natural tones). After the period of experimenting, I got to pseudo- or quasiequidistant intervals, which is neither whole-tone nor chromatic: in the twelve-tone system, two whole-tone scales are possible, shifted a minor second apart from each other. Therefore, I connect these two scales (or sound resources), and for example, places occur where the melodies and figurations in the piano part are created from both whole tone scales; in one band one six-tone sound resource is utilized, and in the other hand, the complementary. In this way whole-tonality and chromaticism mutually reduce themselves: a type of deformed equidistancism is formed, strangely brilliant and at the same time slanting; illusory harmony, indeed being created inside the tempered twelve-tone system, but in sound quality not belonging to it anymore. The appearance of such slantedequidistant harmony fields alternating with modal fields and based on chords built on fifths (mainly in the piano part), complemented with mixtures built on fifths in the orchestra, gives this movement an individual, soft-metallic colour (a metallic sound resulting from harmonics). The fourth movement was meant to be the central movement of the Concerto. Its melodc-rhythmic elements (embryos or fragments of motives) in themselves are simple. The movement also begins simply, with a succession of overlapping of these elements in the mixture type structures. Also here a kaleidoscope is created, due to a limited number of these elements - of these pebbles in the kaleidoscope - which continuously return in augmentations and diminutions. Step by step, however, so that in the beginning we cannot hear it, a compiled rhythmic organization of the talea type gradually comes into daylight, based on the simultaneity of two mutually shifted to each other speed layers (also triplet and duoles, however, with different asymmetric structures than in the first movement). While longer rests are gradually filled in with motive fragments, we slowly come to the conclusion that we have found ourselves inside a rhythmic-melodical whirl: without change in tempo, only through increasing the density of the musical events, a rotation is created in the stream of successive and compiled, augmented and diminished motive fragments, and increasing the density suggests acceleration. Thanks to the periodical structure of the composition, always new but however of the same (all the motivic cells are similar to earlier ones but none of them are exactly repeated; the general structure is therefore self-similar), an impression is created of a gigantic, indissoluble network. Also, rhythmic structures at first hidden gradually begin to emerge, two independent speed layers with their various internal accentuations. This great, self-similar whirl in a very indirect way relates to musical associations, which came to my mind while watching the graphic projection of the mathematical sets of Julia and of Mandelbrot made with the help of a computer. I saw these wonderful pictures of fractal creations, made by scientists from Brema, Peitgen and Richter, for the first time in 1984. From that time they have played a great role in my musical concepts. This does not mean, however, that composing the fourth movement I used mathematical methods or iterative calculus; indeed, I did use constructions which, however, are not based on mathematical thinking, but are rather craftman's constructions (in this respect, my attitude towards mathematics is similar to that of the graphic artist Maurits Escher). I am concerned rather with intuitional, poetic, synesthetic correspondence, not on the scientific, but on the poetic level of thinking. The fifth, very short Presto movement is harmonically very simple, but all the more complicated in its rhythmic structure: it is based on the further development of ''inherent patterns of the third movement. The quasi-equidistance system dominates harmonically and melodically in this movement, as in the third, alternating with harmonic fields, which are based on the division of the chromatic whole into diatonics and anhemitonic pentatonics. Polyrhythms and harmonic mixtures reach their greatest density, and at the same time this movement is strikingly light, enlightened with very bright colours: at first it seems chaotic, but after listening to it for a few times it is easy to grasp its content: many autonomous but self-similar figures which crossing themselves. I present my artistic credo in the Piano Concerto: I demonstrate my independence from criteria of the traditional avantgarde, as well as the fashionable postmodernism. Musical illusions which I consider to be also so important are not a goal in itself for me, but a foundation for my aesthetical attitude. I prefer musical forms which have a more object-like than processual character. Music as frozen time, as an object in imaginary space evoked by music in our imagination, as a creation which really develops in time, but in imagination it exists simultaneously in all its moments. The spell of time, the enduring its passing by, closing it in a moment of the present is my main intention as a composer. (Gyorgy Ligeti).
SKU: BT.DHP-1125237-400
ISBN 9789043145565. 9x12 inches. German.
Double Stopping is a modern method designed to teach violinists who are fairly confident in the 1st position how to play dyads on two strings as well as double stops. This is achieved through 38 exercises and 37 performance pieces in various musical styles. The various dyads and double stops are offered in a coherent and structured way, and indicated in different colours. The performance pieces can be played without accompaniment, with CD accompaniment or as a duet, with the second violin parts provided as PDF files on the CD.English edition: DHP 1125089-400 Double Stops for ViolinDoub le Stopping is een eigentijdse methode om violisten met een ruime speelervaring in de eerste positie samenklanken van twee snaren en dubbelgrepen te leren. Dit gebeurt door middel van 38 oefeningen en 37 speelstukkenin diverse muzikale stijlen. De verschillende samenklanken en dubbelgrepen worden overzichtelijk en gestructureerd aangeboden en met verschillende kleuren aangeduid. De speelstukken kunnen zowel onbegeleid , met cd-begeleiding alsmet een tweede vioolstem worden uitgevoerd. De duetten zijn geleverd als uit te printen pdf-files op de cd.Nederlandse uitgave: DHP 1125236-400 Dubbelgrepen voor vioolDoppe lgriffe auf der Violine richtet sich an Geigenschüler, die sich sicher in der ersten Lage bewegen, und leitet zum Spiel von Zusammenklängen mit zwei Saiten und Doppelgriffen über. Anhand von 38 Ã?bungen und 37 Spielstücken in verschiedenen Musikstilen führt diese moderne Methode übersichtlich und strukturiert in die diversen Zusammenklänge und Doppelgriffe ein. Zusätzliche farbige Markierungen unterstützen dabei den Lernprozess. Die Spielstücke können sowohl unbegleitet als auch mit einer zweiten Geigenstimme gespielt werden. Die Duette sind als PDF-Dateien zum Ausdrucken auf der CD enthalten.Doub les cordes pour Violon est une méthode moderne et enrichissante, destinée apprendre aux violonistes qui maîtrisent assez bien la 1re position sâ??initier au jeu en doubles cordes. Cet ouvrage contient 38 exercices et 37 morceaux écrits dans di_x001D_fférents styles musicaux. Présentées de manière cohérente et structurée, les doubles cordes sont indiquées en différentes couleurs. Les morceaux de concert peuvent être interprétés soit en solo, soit avec lâ??accompagnement du CD, soit encore en duo, les parties du second violon étant fournies sous forme de fichiers PDF imprimer.
SKU: BT.DHP-1125089-400
ISBN 9789043145589. 9x12 inches. English.
Double Stopping is a modern method designed to teach violinists who are fairly confident in the 1st position how to play dyads on two strings as well as double stops. This is achieved through 38 exercises and 37 performance pieces in various musical styles. The various dyads and double stops are offered in a coherent and structured way, and indicated in different colours. The performance pieces can be played without accompaniment, with CD accompaniment or as a duet, with the second violin parts provided as PDF files on the CD.Double Stopping is een eigentijdse methode om violisten met een ruime speelervaring in de eerste positie samenklanken van twee snaren en dubbelgrepen te leren. Dit gebeurt door middel van 38 oefeningen en 37 speelstukkenin diverse muzikale stijlen. De verschillende samenklanken en dubbelgrepen worden overzichtelijk en gestructureerd aangeboden en met verschillende kleuren aangeduid. De speelstukken kunnen zowel onbegeleid, met cd-begeleiding alsmet een tweede vioolstem worden uitgevoerd. De duetten zijn geleverd als uit te printen pdf-files op de cd.Nederlandse uitgave: DHP 1125236-400 Dubbelgrepen voor vioolDoubl e Stops for Violin richtet sich an Geigenschüler, die sich sicher in der ersten Lage bewegen, und leitet zum Spiel von Zusammenklängen mit zwei Saiten und Doppelgriffen über. Anhand von 38 Ã?bungen und 37 Spielstücken in verschiedenen Musikstilen führt diese moderne Methode übersichtlich und strukturiert in die diversen Zusammenklänge und Doppelgriffe ein. Zusätzliche farbige Markierungen unterstützen dabei den Lernprozess. Die Spielstücke können sowohl unbegleitet als auch mit einer zweiten Geigenstimme gespielt werden. Die Duette sind als PDF-Dateien zum Ausdrucken auf der CD enthalten.Deutschsprachig e Ausgabe siehe DHP 1125237-400 Doppelgriffe auf derVioline Doubles cordes pour Violon est une méthode moderne et enrichissante, destinée apprendre aux violonistes qui maîtrisent assez bien la 1re position sâ??initier au jeu en doubles cordes. Cet ouvrage contient 38 exercices et 37 morceaux écrits dans di_x001D_fférents styles musicaux. Présentées de manière cohérente et structurée, les doubles cordes sont indiquées en différentes couleurs. Les morceaux de concert peuvent être interprétés soit en solo, soit avec lâ??accompagnement du CD, soit encore en duo, les parties du second violon étant fournies sous forme de fichiers PDF imprimer.
SKU: BT.DHP-1125236-400
ISBN 9789043145572. 9x12 inches. Dutch.
Double Stopping is a modern method designed to teach violinists who are fairly confident in the 1st position how to play dyads on two strings as well as double stops. This is achieved through 38 exercises and 37 performance pieces in various musical styles. The various dyads and double stops are offered in a coherent and structured way, and indicated in different colours. The performance pieces can be played without accompaniment, with CD accompaniment or as a duet, with the second violin parts provided as PDF files on the CD.English edition: DHP 1125089-400 Double Stops for ViolinDubb elgrepen voor viool - Double Stopping is een eigentijdse methode om violisten met een ruime speelervaring in de eerste positie samenklanken van twee snaren en dubbelgrepen te leren. Dit gebeurt door middel van 38 oefeningenen 37 speelstukken in diverse muzikale stijlen. De verschillende samenklanken en dubbelgrepen worden overzichtelijk en gestructureerd aangeboden en met verschillende kleuren aangeduid. De speelstukken kunnen zowel onbegeleid,met cd-begeleiding als met een tweede vioolstem worden uitgevoerd. De duetten zijn geleverd als uit te printen pdf-files op de cd.Doppelgriff e auf der Violine richtet sich an Geigenschüler, die sich sicher in der ersten Lage bewegen, und leitet zum Spiel von Zusammenklängen mit zwei Saiten und Doppelgriffen über. Anhand von 38 Ã?bungen und 37 Spielstücken in verschiedenen Musikstilen führt diese moderne Methode übersichtlich und strukturiert in die diversen Zusammenklänge und Doppelgriffe ein. Zusätzliche farbige Markierungen unterstützen dabei den Lernprozess. Die Spielstücke können sowohl unbegleitet als auch mit einer zweiten Geigenstimme gespielt werden. Die Duette sind als PDF-Dateien zum Ausdrucken auf der CD enthalten.Deutschsprachig e Ausgabe siehe DHP 1125237-400 Doppelgriffe aufder Violine Doubles cordes pour Violon est une méthode moderne et enrichissante, destinée apprendre aux violonistes qui maîtrisent assez bien la 1re position sâ??initier au jeu en doubles cordes. Cet ouvrage contient 38 exercices et 37 morceaux écrits dans di_x001D_fférents styles musicaux. Présentées de manière cohérente et structurée, les doubles cordes sont indiquées en différentes couleurs. Les morceaux de concert peuvent être interprétés soit en solo, soit avec lâ??accompagnement du CD, soit encore en duo, les parties du second violon étant fournies sous forme de fichiers PDF imprimer.English edition: DHP 1125089-400 Double Stops for Violin
SKU: KN.52360S
As recorded by the Thad Jones-Mel Lewis Orchestra on their album New Life, a slow rubato intro sets up the irresistible funky rock groove that makes this an enduring favorite with better bands. Tenor, trumpet and drums/congas are the designated soloists, but additional players can be featured if desired. A drum solo in the final four bars provides a dramatic finish. Duration 8:30.
SKU: KN.SN70152S
UPC: 822795701524.
Origi nally recorded by Count Basie and played by him at a Grammy Awards concert, this arrangement was also recorded by the SWR Big Band in 2005 on their CD Basie-cally Sammy. It has optional solos for all, features trombone and alto sax solos, and includes some quieter ensemble choruses for good measure. Four of five trumpet parts call for flugelhorn doubles and alto saxes have optional flute doubles.
SKU: WD.080689156472
UPC: 080689156472.
Marve lous Light provides you with FOUR possible performance options for your Easter worship services, utilizing a combination of two well-known contemporary Easter worship songs plus a contemporary and a traditional hymn. Possible configurations include: * a two-song set; * two different three-song sets; * a four-song set. Designed for the worship leading choir, each option gives you a ready-made, all-in-one worship set that utilizes a worship leader (or optional reader), your choir and/or praise team, and your worship band, horn section or orchestra. The sets are skillfully crafted to provide a smooth thematic and musical flow, while facilitating a celebratory and congregationally-friendly worship experience. An optional Accompaniment DVD is available.
SKU: WD.080689159473
UPC: 080689159473.
SKU: BT.EMBZ8507
English-German-Hungari an.
As far as we know Vivaldi wrote twenty trio sonatas. Several of these works are actually for two parts, as the continuo merely doubles one of the two solo instruments. In the titles of four of these trio sonatas ('Suonata da camera, a 2 violini anco senza basso se piace', meaning if desired the sonata can be played without the bass part) Vivaldi himself gave his approval to the omission of the third instrument. In the light of this, the present publication gives the four works in the form of violin duos.We recommend these three-movement sonatas, in a fast-slow-fast format, for violinists who are already advanced in their studies. 1. Sonata RV 702. Sonata RV 713. SonataRV 684. Sonata RV 77.
SKU: CF.PL1056
ISBN 9781491153390. UPC: 680160910892. Transcribed by Franz Liszt.
Introduction It is true that Schubert himself is somewhat to blame for the very unsatisfactory manner in which his admirable piano pieces are treated. He was too immoderately productive, wrote incessantly, mixing insignificant with important things, grand things with mediocre work, paid no heed to criticism, and always soared on his wings. Like a bird in the air, he lived in music and sang in angelic fashion. --Franz Liszt, letter to Dr. S. Lebert (1868) Of those compositions that greatly interest me, there are only Chopin's and yours. --Franz Liszt, letter to Robert Schumann (1838) She [Clara Schumann] was astounded at hearing me. Her compositions are really very remarkable, especially for a woman. There is a hundred times more creativity and real feeling in them than in all the past and present fantasias by Thalberg. --Franz Liszt, letter to Marie d'Agoult (1838) Chretien Urhan (1790-1845) was a Belgian-born violinist, organist and composer who flourished in the musical life of Paris in the early nineteenth century. According to various accounts, he was deeply religious, harshly ascetic and wildly eccentric, though revered by many important and influential members of the Parisian musical community. Regrettably, history has forgotten Urhan's many musical achievements, the most important of which was arguably his pioneering work in promoting the music of Franz Schubert. He devoted much of his energies to championing Schubert's music, which at the time was unknown outside of Vienna. Undoubtedly, Urhan was responsible for stimulating this enthusiasm in Franz Liszt; Liszt regularly heard Urhan's organ playing in the St.-Vincent-de-Paul church in Paris, and the two became personal acquaintances. At eighteen years of age, Liszt was on the verge of establishing himself as the foremost pianist in Europe, and this awakening to Schubert's music would prove to be a profound experience. Liszt's first travels outside of his native provincial Hungary were to Vienna in 1821-1823, where his father enrolled him in studies with Carl Czerny (piano) and Antonio Salieri (music theory). Both men had important involvements with Schubert; Czerny (like Urhan) as performer and advocate of Schubert's music and Salieri as his theory and composition teacher from 1813-1817. Curiously, Liszt and Schubert never met personally, despite their geographical proximity in Vienna during these years. Inevitably, legends later arose that the two had been personal acquaintances, although Liszt would dismiss these as fallacious: I never knew Schubert personally, he was once quoted as saying. Liszt's initial exposure to Schubert's music was the Lieder, what Urhan prized most of all. He accompanied the tenor Benedict Randhartinger in numerous performances of Schubert's Lieder and then, perhaps realizing that he could benefit the composer more on his own terms, transcribed a number of the Lieder for piano solo. Many of these transcriptions he would perform himself on concert tour during the so-called Glanzzeit, or time of splendor from 1839-1847. This publicity did much to promote reception of Schubert's music throughout Europe. Once Liszt retired from the concert stage and settled in Weimar as a conductor in the 1840s, he continued to perform Schubert's orchestral music, his Symphony No. 9 being a particular favorite, and is credited with giving the world premiere performance of Schubert's opera Alfonso und Estrella in 1854. At this time, he contemplated writing a biography of the composer, which regrettably remained uncompleted. Liszt's devotion to Schubert would never waver. Liszt's relationship with Robert and Clara Schumann was far different and far more complicated; by contrast, they were all personal acquaintances. What began as a relationship of mutual respect and admiration soon deteriorated into one of jealousy and hostility, particularly on the Schumann's part. Liszt's initial contact with Robert's music happened long before they had met personally, when Liszt published an analysis of Schumann's piano music for the Gazette musicale in 1837, a gesture that earned Robert's deep appreciation. In the following year Clara met Liszt during a concert tour in Vienna and presented him with more of Schumann's piano music. Clara and her father Friedrich Wieck, who accompanied Clara on her concert tours, were quite taken by Liszt: We have heard Liszt. He can be compared to no other player...he arouses fright and astonishment. His appearance at the piano is indescribable. He is an original...he is absorbed by the piano. Liszt, too, was impressed with Clara--at first the energy, intelligence and accuracy of her piano playing and later her compositions--to the extent that he dedicated to her the 1838 version of his Etudes d'execution transcendante d'apres Paganini. Liszt had a closer personal relationship with Clara than with Robert until the two men finally met in 1840. Schumann was astounded by Liszt's piano playing. He wrote to Clara that Liszt had played like a god and had inspired indescribable furor of applause. His review of Liszt even included a heroic personification with Napoleon. In Leipzig, Schumann was deeply impressed with Liszt's interpretations of his Noveletten, Op. 21 and Fantasy in C Major, Op. 17 (dedicated to Liszt), enthusiastically observing that, I feel as if I had known you twenty years. Yet a variety of events followed that diminished Liszt's glory in the eyes of the Schumanns. They became critical of the cult-like atmosphere that arose around his recitals, or Lisztomania as it came to be called; conceivably, this could be attributed to professional jealousy. Clara, in particular, came to loathe Liszt, noting in a letter to Joseph Joachim, I despise Liszt from the depths of my soul. She recorded a stunning diary entry a day after Liszt's death, in which she noted, He was an eminent keyboard virtuoso, but a dangerous example for the young...As a composer he was terrible. By contrast, Liszt did not share in these negative sentiments; no evidence suggests that he had any ill-regard for the Schumanns. In Weimar, he did much to promote Schumann's music, conducting performances of his Scenes from Faust and Manfred, during a time in which few orchestras expressed interest, and premiered his opera Genoveva. He later arranged a benefit concert for Clara following Robert's death, featuring Clara as soloist in Robert's Piano Concerto, an event that must have been exhilarating to witness. Regardless, her opinion of him would never change, despite his repeated gestures of courtesy and respect. Liszt's relationship with Schubert was a spiritual one, with music being the one and only link between the two men. That with the Schumanns was personal, with music influenced by a hero worship that would aggravate the relationship over time. Nonetheless, Liszt would remain devoted to and enthusiastic for the music and achievements of these composers. He would be a vital force in disseminating their music to a wider audience, as he would be with many other composers throughout his career. His primary means for accomplishing this was the piano transcription. Liszt and the Transcription Transcription versus Paraphrase Transcription and paraphrase were popular terms in nineteenth-century music, although certainly not unique to this period. Musicians understood that there were clear distinctions between these two terms, but as is often the case these distinctions could be blurred. Transcription, literally writing over, entails reworking or adapting a piece of music for a performance medium different from that of its original; arrangement is a possible synonym. Adapting is a key part of this process, for the success of a transcription relies on the transcriber's ability to adapt the piece to the different medium. As a result, the pre-existing material is generally kept intact, recognizable and intelligible; it is strict, literal, objective. Contextual meaning is maintained in the process, as are elements of style and form. Paraphrase, by contrast, implies restating something in a different manner, as in a rewording of a document for reasons of clarity. In nineteenth-century music, paraphrasing indicated elaborating a piece for purposes of expressive virtuosity, often as a vehicle for showmanship. Variation is an important element, for the source material may be varied as much as the paraphraser's imagination will allow; its purpose is metamorphosis. Transcription is adapting and arranging; paraphrasing is transforming and reworking. Transcription preserves the style of the original; paraphrase absorbs the original into a different style. Transcription highlights the original composer; paraphrase highlights the paraphraser. Approximately half of Liszt's compositional output falls under the category of transcription and paraphrase; it is noteworthy that he never used the term arrangement. Much of his early compositional activities were transcriptions and paraphrases of works of other composers, such as the symphonies of Beethoven and Berlioz, vocal music by Schubert, and operas by Donizetti and Bellini. It is conceivable that he focused so intently on work of this nature early in his career as a means to perfect his compositional technique, although transcription and paraphrase continued well after the technique had been mastered; this might explain why he drastically revised and rewrote many of his original compositions from the 1830s (such as the Transcendental Etudes and Paganini Etudes) in the 1850s. Charles Rosen, a sympathetic interpreter of Liszt's piano works, observes, The new revisions of the Transcendental Etudes are not revisions but concert paraphrases of the old, and their art lies in the technique of transformation. The Paganini etudes are piano transcriptions of violin etudes, and the Transcendental Etudes are piano transcriptions of piano etudes. The principles are the same. He concludes by noting, Paraphrase has shaded off into composition...Composition and paraphrase were not identical for him, but they were so closely interwoven that separation is impossible. The significance of transcription and paraphrase for Liszt the composer cannot be overstated, and the mutual influence of each needs to be better understood. Undoubtedly, Liszt the composer as we know him today would be far different had he not devoted so much of his career to transcribing and paraphrasing the music of others. He was perhaps one of the first composers to contend that transcription and paraphrase could be genuine art forms on equal par with original pieces; he even claimed to be the first to use these two terms to describe these classes of arrangements. Despite the success that Liszt achieved with this type of work, others viewed it with circumspection and criticism. Robert Schumann, although deeply impressed with Liszt's keyboard virtuosity, was harsh in his criticisms of the transcriptions. Schumann interpreted them as indicators that Liszt's virtuosity had hindered his compositional development and suggested that Liszt transcribed the music of others to compensate for his own compositional deficiencies. Nonetheless, Liszt's piano transcriptions, what he sometimes called partitions de piano (or piano scores), were instrumental in promoting composers whose music was unknown at the time or inaccessible in areas outside of major European capitals, areas that Liszt willingly toured during his Glanzzeit. To this end, the transcriptions had to be literal arrangements for the piano; a Beethoven symphony could not be introduced to an unknowing audience if its music had been subjected to imaginative elaborations and variations. The same would be true of the 1833 transcription of Berlioz's Symphonie fantastique (composed only three years earlier), the astonishingly novel content of which would necessitate a literal and intelligible rendering. Opera, usually more popular and accessible for the general public, was a different matter, and in this realm Liszt could paraphrase the original and manipulate it as his imagination would allow without jeopardizing its reception; hence, the paraphrases on the operas of Bellini, Donizetti, Mozart, Meyerbeer and Verdi. Reminiscence was another term coined by Liszt for the opera paraphrases, as if the composer were reminiscing at the keyboard following a memorable evening at the opera. Illustration (reserved on two occasions for Meyerbeer) and fantasy were additional terms. The operas of Wagner were exceptions. His music was less suited to paraphrase due to its general lack of familiarity at the time. Transcription of Wagner's music was thus obligatory, as it was of Beethoven's and Berlioz's music; perhaps the composer himself insisted on this approach. Liszt's Lieder Transcriptions Liszt's initial encounters with Schubert's music, as mentioned previously, were with the Lieder. His first transcription of a Schubert Lied was Die Rose in 1833, followed by Lob der Tranen in 1837. Thirty-nine additional transcriptions appeared at a rapid pace over the following three years, and in 1846, the Schubert Lieder transcriptions would conclude, by which point he had completed fifty-eight, the most of any composer. Critical response to these transcriptions was highly favorable--aside from the view held by Schumann--particularly when Liszt himself played these pieces in concert. Some were published immediately by Anton Diabelli, famous for the theme that inspired Beethoven's variations. Others were published by the Viennese publisher Tobias Haslinger (one of Beethoven's and Schubert's publishers in the 1820s), who sold his reserves so quickly that he would repeatedly plead for more. However, Liszt's enthusiasm for work of this nature soon became exhausted, as he noted in a letter of 1839 to the publisher Breitkopf und Hartel: That good Haslinger overwhelms me with Schubert. I have just sent him twenty-four new songs (Schwanengesang and Winterreise), and for the moment I am rather tired of this work. Haslinger was justified in his demands, for the Schubert transcriptions were received with great enthusiasm. One Gottfried Wilhelm Fink, then editor of the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, observed of these transcriptions: Nothing in recent memory has caused such sensation and enjoyment in both pianists and audiences as these arrangements...The demand for them has in no way been satisfied; and it will not be until these arrangements are seen on pianos everywhere. They have indeed made quite a splash. Eduard Hanslick, never a sympathetic critic of Liszt's music, acknowledged thirty years after the fact that, Liszt's transcriptions of Schubert Lieder were epoch-making. There was hardly a concert in which Liszt did not have to play one or two of them--even when they were not listed on the program. These transcriptions quickly became some of his most sough-after pieces, despite their extreme technical demands. Leading pianists of the day, such as Clara Wieck and Sigismond Thalberg, incorporated them into their concert programs immediately upon publication. Moreover, the transcriptions would serve as inspirations for other composers, such as Stephen Heller, Cesar Franck and later Leopold Godowsky, all of whom produced their own transcriptions of Schubert's Lieder. Liszt would transcribe the Lieder of other composers as well, including those by Mendelssohn, Chopin, Anton Rubinstein and even himself. Robert Schumann, of course, would not be ignored. The first transcription of a Schumann Lied was the celebrated Widmung from Myrten in 1848, the only Schumann transcription that Liszt completed during the composer's lifetime. (Regrettably, there is no evidence of Schumann's regard of this transcription, or even if he was aware of it.) From the years 1848-1881, Liszt transcribed twelve of Robert Schumann's Lieder (including one orchestral Lied) and three of Clara (one from each of her three published Lieder cycles); he would transcribe no other works of these two composers. The Schumann Lieder transcriptions, contrary to those of Schubert, are literal arrangements, posing, in general, far fewer demands on the pianist's technique. They are comparatively less imaginative in their treatment of the original material. Additionally, they seem to have been less valued in their day than the Schubert transcriptions, and it is noteworthy that none of the Schumann transcriptions bear dedications, as most of the Schubert transcriptions do. The greatest challenge posed by Lieder transcriptions, regardless of the composer or the nature of the transcription, was to combine the vocal and piano parts of the original such that the character of each would be preserved, a challenge unique to this form of transcription. Each part had to be intact and aurally recognizable, the vocal line in particular. Complications could be manifold in a Lied that featured dissimilar parts, such as Schubert's Auf dem Wasser zu singen, whose piano accompaniment depicts the rocking of the boat on the shimmering waves while the vocal line reflects on the passing of time. Similar complications would be encountered in Gretchen am Spinnrade, in which the ubiquitous sixteenth-note pattern in the piano's right hand epitomizes the ever-turning spinning wheel over which the soprano voice expresses feelings of longing and heartache. The resulting transcriptions for solo piano would place exceptional demands on the pianist. The complications would be far less imposing in instances in which voice and piano were less differentiated, as in many of Schumann's Lieder that Liszt transcribed. The piano parts in these Lieder are true accompaniments for the voice, providing harmonic foundation and rhythmic support by doubling the vocal line throughout. The transcriptions, thus, are strict and literal, with far fewer demands on both pianist and transcriber. In all of Liszt's Lieder transcriptions, regardless of the way in which the two parts are combined, the melody (i.e. the vocal line) is invariably the focal point; the melody should sing on the piano, as if it were the voice. The piano part, although integral to contributing to the character of the music, is designed to function as accompaniment. A singing melody was a crucial objective in nineteenth-century piano performance, which in part might explain the zeal in transcribing and paraphrasing vocal music for the piano. Friedrich Wieck, father and teacher of Clara Schumann, stressed this point repeatedly in his 1853 treatise Clavier und Gesang (Piano and Song): When I speak in general of singing, I refer to that species of singing which is a form of beauty, and which is a foundation for the most refined and most perfect interpretation of music; and, above all things, I consider the culture of beautiful tones the basis for the finest possible touch on the piano. In many respects, the piano and singing should explain and supplement each other. They should mutually assist in expressing the sublime and the noble, in forms of unclouded beauty. Much of Liszt's piano music should be interpreted with this concept in mind, the Lieder transcriptions and opera paraphrases, in particular. To this end, Liszt provided numerous written instructions to the performer to emphasize the vocal line in performance, with Italian directives such as un poco marcato il canto, accentuato assai il canto and ben pronunziato il canto. Repeated indications of cantando,singend and espressivo il canto stress the significance of the singing tone. As an additional means of achieving this and providing the performer with access to the poetry, Liszt insisted, at what must have been a publishing novelty at the time, on printing the words of the Lied in the music itself. Haslinger, seemingly oblivious to Liszt's intent, initially printed the poems of the early Schubert transcriptions separately inside the front covers. Liszt argued that the transcriptions must be reprinted with the words underlying the notes, exactly as Schubert had done, a request that was honored by printing the words above the right-hand staff. Liszt also incorporated a visual scheme for distinguishing voice and accompaniment, influenced perhaps by Chopin, by notating the accompaniment in cue size. His transcription of Robert Schumann's Fruhlings Ankunft features the vocal line in normal size, the piano accompaniment in reduced size, an unmistakable guide in a busy texture as to which part should be emphasized: Example 1. Schumann-Liszt Fruhlings Ankunft, mm. 1-2. The same practice may be found in the transcription of Schumann's An die Turen will ich schleichen. In this piece, the performer must read three staves, in which the baritone line in the central staff is to be shared between the two hands based on the stem direction of the notes: Example 2. Schumann-Liszt An die Turen will ich schleichen, mm. 1-5. This notational practice is extremely beneficial in this instance, given the challenge of reading three staves and the manner in which the vocal line is performed by the two hands. Curiously, Liszt did not use this practice in other transcriptions. Approaches in Lieder Transcription Liszt adopted a variety of approaches in his Lieder transcriptions, based on the nature of the source material, the ways in which the vocal and piano parts could be combined and the ways in which the vocal part could sing. One approach, common with strophic Lieder, in which the vocal line would be identical in each verse, was to vary the register of the vocal part. The transcription of Lob der Tranen, for example, incorporates three of the four verses of the original Lied, with the register of the vocal line ascending one octave with each verse (from low to high), as if three different voices were participating. By the conclusion, the music encompasses the entire range of Liszt's keyboard to produce a stunning climactic effect, and the variety of register of the vocal line provides a welcome textural variety in the absence of the words. The three verses of the transcription of Auf dem Wasser zu singen follow the same approach, in which the vocal line ascends from the tenor, to the alto and to the soprano registers with each verse. Fruhlingsglaube adopts the opposite approach, in which the vocal line descends from soprano in verse 1 to tenor in verse 2, with the second part of verse 2 again resuming the soprano register; this is also the case in Das Wandern from Mullerlieder. Gretchen am Spinnrade posed a unique problem. Since the poem's narrator is female, and the poem represents an expression of her longing for her lover Faust, variation of the vocal line's register, strictly speaking, would have been impractical. For this reason, the vocal line remains in its original register throughout, relentlessly colliding with the sixteenth-note pattern of the accompaniment. One exception may be found in the fifth and final verse in mm. 93-112, at which point the vocal line is notated in a higher register and doubled in octaves. This sudden textural change, one that is readily audible, was a strategic means to underscore Gretchen's mounting anxiety (My bosom urges itself toward him. Ah, might I grasp and hold him! And kiss him as I would wish, at his kisses I should die!). The transcription, thus, becomes a vehicle for maximizing the emotional content of the poem, an exceptional undertaking with the general intent of a transcription. Registral variation of the vocal part also plays a crucial role in the transcription of Erlkonig. Goethe's poem depicts the death of a child who is apprehended by a supernatural Erlking, and Schubert, recognizing the dramatic nature of the poem, carefully depicted the characters (father, son and Erlking) through unique vocal writing and accompaniment patterns: the Lied is a dramatic entity. Liszt, in turn, followed Schubert's characterization in this literal transcription, yet took it an additional step by placing the register of the father's vocal line in the baritone range, that of the son in the soprano range and that of the Erlking in the highest register, options that would not have been available in the version for voice and piano. Additionally, Liszt labeled each appearance of each character in the score, a means for guiding the performer in interpreting the dramatic qualities of the Lied. As a result, the drama and energy of the poem are enhanced in this transcription; as with Gretchen am Spinnrade, the transcriber has maximized the content of the original. Elaboration may be found in certain Lieder transcriptions that expand the performance to a level of virtuosity not found in the original; in such cases, the transcription approximates the paraphrase. Schubert's Du bist die Ruh, a paradigm of musical simplicity, features an uncomplicated piano accompaniment that is virtually identical in each verse. In Liszt's transcription, the material is subjected to a highly virtuosic treatment that far exceeds the original, including a demanding passage for the left hand alone in the opening measures and unique textural writing in each verse. The piece is a transcription in virtuosity; its art, as Rosen noted, lies in the technique of transformation. Elaboration may entail an expansion of the musical form, as in the extensive introduction to Die Forelle and a virtuosic middle section (mm. 63-85), both of which are not in the original. Also unique to this transcription are two cadenzas that Liszt composed in response to the poetic content. The first, in m. 93 on the words und eh ich es gedacht (and before I could guess it), features a twisted chromatic passage that prolongs and thereby heightens the listener's suspense as to the fate of the trout (which is ultimately caught). The second, in m. 108 on the words Betrogne an (and my blood boiled as I saw the betrayed one), features a rush of diminished-seventh arpeggios in both hands, epitomizing the poet's rage at the fisherman for catching the trout. Less frequent are instances in which the length of the original Lied was shortened in the transcription, a tendency that may be found with certain strophic Lieder (e.g., Der Leiermann, Wasserflut and Das Wandern). Another transcription that demonstrates Liszt's readiness to modify the original in the interests of the poetic content is Standchen, the seventh transcription from Schubert's Schwanengesang. Adapted from Act II of Shakespeare's Cymbeline, the poem represents the repeated beckoning of a man to his lover. Liszt transformed the Lied into a miniature drama by transcribing the vocal line of the first verse in the soprano register, that of the second verse in the baritone register, in effect, creating a dialogue between the two lovers. In mm. 71-102, the dialogue becomes a canon, with one voice trailing the other like an echo (as labeled in the score) at the distance of a beat. As in other instances, the transcription resembles the paraphrase, and it is perhaps for this reason that Liszt provided an ossia version that is more in the nature of a literal transcription. The ossia version, six measures shorter than Schubert's original, is less demanding technically than the original transcription, thus representing an ossia of transcription and an ossia of piano technique. The Schumann Lieder transcriptions, in general, display a less imaginative treatment of the source material. Elaborations are less frequently encountered, and virtuosity is more restricted, as if the passage of time had somewhat tamed the composer's approach to transcriptions; alternatively, Liszt was eager to distance himself from the fierce virtuosity of his early years. In most instances, these transcriptions are literal arrangements of the source material, with the vocal line in its original form combined with the accompaniment, which often doubles the vocal line in the original Lied. Widmung, the first of the Schumann transcriptions, is one exception in the way it recalls the virtuosity of the Schubert transcriptions of the 1830s. Particularly striking is the closing section (mm. 58-73), in which material of the opening verse (right hand) is combined with the triplet quarter notes (left hand) from the second section of the Lied (mm. 32-43), as if the transcriber were attempting to reconcile the different material of these two sections. Fruhlingsnacht resembles a paraphrase by presenting each of the two verses in differing registers (alto for verse 1, mm. 3-19, and soprano for verse 2, mm. 20-31) and by concluding with a virtuosic section that considerably extends the length of the original Lied. The original tonalities of the Lieder were generally retained in the transcriptions, showing that the tonality was an important part of the transcription process. The infrequent instances of transposition were done for specific reasons. In 1861, Liszt transcribed two of Schumann's Lieder, one from Op. 36 (An den Sonnenschein), another from Op. 27 (Dem roten Roslein), and merged these two pieces in the collection 2 Lieder; they share only the common tonality of A major. His choice for combining these two Lieder remains unknown, but he clearly recognized that some tonal variety would be needed, for which reason Dem roten Roslein was transposed to C>= major. The collection features An den Sonnenschein in A major (with a transition to the new tonality), followed by Dem roten Roslein in C>= major (without a change of key signature), and concluding with a reprise of An den Sonnenschein in A major. A three-part form was thus established with tonal variety provided by keys in third relations (A-C>=-A); in effect, two of Schumann's Lieder were transcribed into an archetypal song without words. In other instances, Liszt treated tonality and tonal organization as important structural ingredients, particularly in the transcriptions of Schubert's Lieder cycles, i.e. Schwanengesang, Winterreise a...
SKU: CF.BE10
ISBN 9780825891168. UPC: 798408091163. Score. 8.5x11, Pts. 9x12 inches. Key: G major.
As If is Paul Lansky at the genesis of his computer music powers. Here he explores the relationship between pre-recorded and live performers, forcing a re-examination of the concepts of both composition and performance. Lansky worked with an early IBM computer (1981) for As If, a far cry from the powerful computers and complex algorithms he would later create. Duration: 19'37.Commissioned by the Princeton-Columbia Electronic Music Center for SpeculumMusicae in 1981.The first movement, In Preparation, is a study in tuning and intonation and isbased on the open strings in perfectly tuned fifths, with the violin’s D stringtuned 294 hertz. The first moments of the piece provide opportunity to tuneto the tape part. (This tuning probably differs imperceptibly from a temperedtuning since the E string of the violin is only 1/33 of a semitone sharper then ina tempered system and the C strings of the viola and ‘cello 1/33 of a semitoneflatter.) Most subsequent pitches in the movement are either the open stringsor major and minor thirds above and below the open strings. The minor thirdswill be slightly sharp with respect to equal tempered tuning about 15 cents or1/6 of a semitone and the major thirds will be slightly flat about 14 cents, or oneseventh of a semitone. Listen to the tape part as a guide. All harmonics in thismovement are to be played as natural harmonics and open strings are to be usedwhenever possible.In the second movement, At a Distance, the tape part largely doubles selectedpitches in the string parts and should be thought of as a backdrop rather thencounterpart. In this and the remaining movements equal tempered tuning is usedthough it will probably not be necessary to retune the instruments for this reasonalone.The third movement, In Practice, is a study in modes of performance particularlywith respect to rhythmic rigidity and flexibility. While the tape part may seemto bend and sway a great deal, the string parts are to be played with as muchrhythmic precision as possible. At many points it may be necessary to delay oranticipate beats in order to coincide with the arrival of beats in the tape part,though in general the quarter equals 120 is accurate.In the fourth movement, In Distinction, different kinds of musical conceptions arecounter-pointed and counter-posed. Here the beat is quite accurate although thenotation of the synthetic saxophone part is only approximate.All the tape parts are based on computer reprocessed violin except for parts ofthe fourth movement in which synthetic saxophone is used. The tape part wassynthesized on the IBM 3033 and 3081 computers at Princeton University andconverted at the Winham Laboratory. The violin source was performed by CyrusStevens.
SKU: KN.62610
UPC: 822795626100.
Paul Merrill, director of the Cornell University Jazz Ensemble (Ithaca, NY), commissioned this engaging bossa nova original for proficient groups. Don't let the title fool you, though, because there's an abundance of subtle, yet challenging material here requiring a mature approach from the ensemble. The melody is based on a simple four-note motif played by Miles Davis on his album Tutu. Brown later adapted this score for small-group and recorded it on his CD Night Waves (Brown Cats Productions/BC9501). Guitar, tenor sax, and flugelhorn are featured in melodic and solo roles. Duration 5:35.
SKU: KN.62610S
SKU: AP.45646
ISBN 9781470639129. UPC: 038081513850. English. Recording orch. Tim Hayden.
These authentic folk songs from around the globe are arranged especially for 2-part voices, creating an amazing international field trip through nine countries on four continents! Information on the Fun Fact pages provides a fascinating look at world cultures and doubles as flexible narration for a 30-minute multicultural music program. The Enhanced CD includes reproducible student song sheets, background pages, performance and accompaniment tracks, and cover art. Combine with the original Children of the World for an additional nine countries. Recommended for grades three and up. Includes songs from: Thailand * Nicaragua * Finland * Jamaica * France * Liberia * Russia * Scotland * Kenya.
